PDCD1 and melanoma: In patients affected by BRAF wild-type advanced melanoma, the discrete simulation event model of Tarhini et al. [63] found that the most cost-effective treatment sequences initiated with anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4 (nivolumab + ipilimumab and chemotherapy through a mix of dacarbazine, temozolomide, paclitaxel, and carboplatin + paclitaxel), followed by either chemotherapy or anti-PD-1 monotherapy (nivolumab and pembrolizumab, assuming an equal share).