The administration of this treatment protocol resulted in a notable reduction in the populations of immunosuppressive M2-phenotype macrophages (anti-inflammatory or pro-tumor) and MDSCs (myeloid-derived suppressor cells), together with an elevation in the expression levels of the Type I IFN gene, IFN-β, and the chemokines CCL5 and CXCL10 inside the TME of SCLC (Figure 4). Here, CCL5 is linked to neoplasm.