Current NPC immunotherapy mainly focuses on PD-1 inhibitors and EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (EBV-CTLs) [142]; this underscores the potential significance of TEX surface PD-L1 (Exo-PD-L1) and TEX-mediated T cell suppression on the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is nasopharyngeal carcinoma.