KDR and neoplasm: The 3D AlvetexTM cell culture system has been previously validated to induce cytoskeletal rearrangements and effect EGFR/VEGFR presentation, more similar to in vivo tumours, and therefore it can predict responses to EGFR/VEGFR-based therapies and radiotherapy more accurately [23,24], highlighting the benefits of 3D-based culture models; however, no previous studies have reported use of the 3D AlvetexTM system with TTFields.