Ten years after the index colonoscopy, the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) was similar in MLH1 and MSH2 patients, at 11.3% (CI 9.4–13.2%) and 11.4% (CI 8.9–14.0%, p: 0.468), respectively, despite differences in the incidence of previous precancerous lesions. The gene discussed is MSH2; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.