TNF and cancer: Mechanistically, the intratumoral presence of P. gingivalis facilitated the progression of pancreatic cancer by amplifying the secretion of chemokines that attract neutrophils and inducing the release of neutrophil elastase (NE).188 The JAK/STAT pathway represents a swift membrane-to-nucleus signaling module capable of triggering the expression of multiple crucial regulators implicated in cancer and inflammation.200 Research has reported that the presence of P. gingivalis can activate JAK3, thus curtailing the production of IL-6 and TNF through ubiquitination-dependent Wnt3 degradation.201