For instance, the CpG variants in the following genes have reports to many osteoporosis-related phenotypes: CSN1S2B and GNB5 are associated with obesity, schizophrenia and osteosarcoma, PARK2 is linked to Crohn’s disease with known influencing factors of osteoporosis, and RUNX1 is associated with medulloblastoma, whose most common sites of extraneural metastases include skeleton and bone marrow56. Here, PRKN is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.