NECTIN1 and viral infectious disease: Given the later timing of endogenous nectin1 downregulation in our human keratinocyte system, we next carried out infection in the presence of several drug inhibitors that act at different stages of HSV1 infection: actinomycin D (ActD) to inhibit transcription, cycloheximide (CHX) to inhibit translation and cytosine arabinoside (AraC) which allows early stages of virus infection to proceed but prevents viral genome replication.