PLAT and hepatocellular carcinoma: The transgene cassette, flanked by ITR elements from AAV2, forms concatemers in the nucleus, proceeding with transgene expression.10,38 The TPA capsid can be further modified by decorating the pVIII capsid with the endosomal escape peptide (H5WYG), which can increase the transgene expression.39 Therefore, HCC cells must exhibit these receptors on their surface.