The other autophagy pathways associated proteins which were increased in ALG1-CDG patients included malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic (MDH1), charged multivesicular body protein 2b (CHMP2B), platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit alpha2 (PAFAH1B2), vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B (VPS4B), vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 (VPS25), ubiquilin-2, ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 (ATG12) and endophilin-B1 (SH3GLB1). Here, ATG12 is linked to congenital disorder of glycosylation.