A study showed in MI mice and TGFβ1-stimulated primary cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), Rg3 suppressed CF proliferation along with collagen deposition by inactivation of transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1)/Smads signaling dose-dependently (Xu et al., 2023). Here, TGFBR1 is linked to myocardial infarction.