Because our results suggested that the IL-6 classical signaling, but not trans-signaling, may be related to the anti-tumor immune responses in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs, anti-IL-6 or anti-IL-6R Abs, but not sgp130 fusion proteins, may be promising to improve the efficacy of ICIs. The gene discussed is IL6R; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.