For example, PBRM1-associated MGPs predicted for Kidney-RCC and Liver-HCC showed that histidine metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis in Kidney-RCC appeared to be affected by PBRM1 mutation in contrast to pentose phosphate pathway for Liver-HCC (Additional file 1: Fig. S9a). Here, PBRM1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.