The expression data of various genes revealed that the TNF signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, apoptosis signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, Epstein–Barr virus infection pathway, and Herpes simplex infection were the primary signaling pathways likely responsible for the emergence of chemotherapy resistance in peripheral T-cell lymphoma. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified.