UCP1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Amlexanox, a specific inhibitor of TBK1 and IKKε, is found to rescue metabolic dysfunction in obesity, including overweight reversal, improvement of insulin resistance, and enhancement of adipose mobilization via upregulating uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), therefore it is currently under phase II clinical trial for type II diabetes and obesity (Reilly et al, 2013).