GINS2 and glioma: To investigate how GINS2 affects the response of glioma cells to TMZ, we engineered SHG44 cells to overexpress GINS2 and knocked it out using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–Cas9 in U251 and LN229 cells, which highly express the protein (Fig. 1C).