Zang et al.86 first determined that T1DM could suppress myocardial autophagy and induce myocardial cell death by studying the time course of myocardial autophagy flux in the mouse models of T1DM and CR knockout of autophagy-related 5 gene (CR-Atg5KO) in myocardial cells. This evidence concerns the gene ATG5 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.