While the induction of HIF-1 signaling is often considered in the context of tumorigenesis/carcinogenesis, aberrant HIF-1α signaling also occurs in asthma, COPD, lung inflammation, acute lung injury, and ischemic lung injury (Ziello et al., 2007; Shimoda and Semenza, 2011; Ahmad et al., 2012; Masoud and Li, 2015; Tam et al., 2020). The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.