AMPK is highly expressed in neurons; AMPK activation (phosphorylation of AMPK at site Thr172) is increased in the cortex under DIO and then decreased after exercise, which is associated with reduced cortical BACE1 content, a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (34, 58). The gene discussed is PRKAA2; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.