TNF and plasma cell myeloma: In addition, TAMs are not only a rich source of pro-angiogenic cytokines and growth factors’ production such as vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), TNF-a, IL-8, and fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF-2), but also assume a vascular endothelial cell-like phenotype after structural activation by VEGF and an essential fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) through “ angiogenic mimicry” contribution to the myeloma vascular network (124).