Though the investment into these cancer-targeted drugs has transformed cancer therapy outcomes for many patients, it is clear that further insight is required to understand how to achieve universally durable and curative responses.25,26,28,86 With the historically recent acceptance of the essential role of immunity in cancer, new studies have shown that these drugs may modulate CD8+ T cell responses and the efficacy of immunotherapy29,31-36,87-89. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is cancer.