NEFL and systemic lupus erythematosus: As biomarkers in peripheral blood can be identified and validated for NPSLE, the main objective of our study is to examine the relationship between serum levels of NFL, HMGB1, MMP9, and anti-dsDNA as a specific antibody and available test for SLE follow-up, focusing on patients with neuropsychiatric involvement (anxiety, mood disorders, psychosis, and cognitive impairment).