A small observational study (n = 733) showed HbA1c positively associated with some BCAAs, such as isoleucine and alanine, and lower apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1)8, whilst another small study (n = 155) suggested possible differences in amino acid signatures for prediabetes defined by different glycemic traits9. Here, APOA1 is linked to prediabetes syndrome.