PCOS is characterized by neuroendocrine dysfunction, particularly dysfunction in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis, which is frequently observed in patients with PCOS.[8] Altered pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus results in increased luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and insufficient follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion from the pituitary gland. This evidence concerns the gene PLOD1 and polycystic ovary syndrome.