CD8A and neoplasm: In fact, in a recent study, the authors reported that β-glucan-trained macrophages can be activated upon exposure to tumor cells, contributing to the enhancement of anti-tumor responses such as increased cytotoxicity against pancreatic tumor cells.36 Locally at the tumor site, the anti-tumor activities in our model are likely to be attributed to the influx of myeloid cells characterized by the accumulation of CD11b+ cells and CD8+ T cells.