Dexmedetomidine is a highly potent and selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist, apart from its well-established sedative and analgesic properties, it has been shown to ameliorate septic ALI by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines mediated by TLR4/ NF-κB signaling pathway. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.