To conclude this section, in comparison to the epigenetic effects impacting the individual, such as DNA methylation on a number of genes, data on inter- and transgenerational epigenetic effects of war and conflict are mainly limited to the well-established NR3C1 and FKBP5 genes, mortality, cortisol levels and risk of PTSD (summarised in Table 2). The gene discussed is NR3C1; the disease is post-traumatic stress disorder.