Notably, the clinical presentation of these individuals aligns with the diagnostic criteria for INS, which encompassed the presentation of edema, a 24-hour urinary protein excretion of ≥50 mg/kg, a morning urinary protein/creatinine ratio exceeding 2 mg/mg, hypoalbuminemia indicated by serum albumin levels falling below 25 g/L, and the presence of an undisclosed underlying cause for the disease. Here, ALB is linked to Hypoalbuminemia.