TNF-alpha, which is a member of TNF superfamily, is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a critical role in the development of several chronic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases (e.g., insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's dementia) and cancer [53,54]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.