NES and cancer: In recent years, it has been found that nestin is expressed in pancreatic stem cells and PC stem cells and is related to tumorigenesis, tumor angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, and prognosis of PC.27 The neural invasion pathway of PC is usually through the direct destruction of the perineural membrane, the vascular invasion of the perineural membrane, and the destruction of the synaptic membrane of the nerve endings.28 In this study, we focused on analyzing the perineural invasiveness of PDAC based on nestin expression in cancer cells.