As demonstrated by the FDA-meta-analysis or the NeoALTTO trial [27, 28], pCR is correlated with favourable patient outcome, particularly in hormone-negative HER2 + early BC, and accordingly, with only N = 5 (6.8%) patients who experienced a disease recurrence and N = 2 (2.7%) who died of disease progression, 5-year PFS and OS rates were respectively 89.5% [95%CI: 75.7–96.4] and 93.9% [95%CI: 80.4–99] in the NeoTOP population, with a median follow-up of 40 months (min-max: 17–69). The gene discussed is ERBB2; the disease is breast cancer.