INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Meta-analysis of the three ancestry groups for T1D age at onset revealed four regions that attained genome-wide significance, all established T1D risk loci: 1p13.2 (PTPN22), 6p21.32 (HLA-DQB1), 11p15.5 (INS), and 12q13.2 (ERBB3) (Table 2; Supplementary Fig. 2C and D, Supplementary Fig. 3G–I).