DDIT3 and gastric cancer: Yan TH (2020) found that esculetin (0.28, 0.56,1.12 mmol/L for 48 h) dose-dependently upregulated GRP78, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF-4, and CHOP expression in human GC cells SGC-7901, and this effect would be reduced by the ERS inhibitor Tauro ursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), implying that esculetin promotes apoptosis of tumor cells through oxidative stress with ERS.