MAPK3 and neoplasm: Moreover, consistent with our in vitro findings, both tumor‐infiltrating and splenic CD8+ T cells from UA‐treated tumor‐bearing mice displayed increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and autophagy, along with lower ROS levels (Figure 7G,H), indicating that oral UA administration continued to enhance ERK1/2 activation and autophagy, thereby reducing ROS within CD8+ T cells in vivo.