ISG15 and influenza: Moreover, despite the differences in the nature and structure of DENV and influenza virus, patients infected by these two viruses shared the upregulation of several IFN-related genes, such as ISG15, OAS2, IFI44, and IFI44L. On the other hand, there are notable differences in specific genes, such as MAP3K7CL and MSR1 (Figure 9), which were downregulated in dengue but not in influenza.