TNF and infection: Infection of BMDCs with non‐opsonized Cmu, assessed via gene array, upregulated mRNA for chemokines and cytokines Ccl2/MCP‐1, Ccl11/Eotaxin (highest, 47 673‐fold), Ccr1, Il6, Il12α, Il12β, Tnf and Csf2/GM‐CSF; antigen processing and chemotaxis Cd2, Cd4, Cd28, Cd40, Cdc42 (highest, 6880‐fold), Cxcr1, Cxcr4, Icam1 and Fcgr1/CD64; and signal transduction Cebpa (highest, 28, 565‐fold), Erbb2, Nfkβ1, Ptprc, Rag1 and Relb.