UBE2D3 and breast carcinoma: According to relevant literature, Dbt can regulate the Hippo signaling pathway to affect the tumor growth of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (16); DLAT has been identified as a key factor in the process of cuproptosis (11); Ube2D1 has been linked to the malignant progression of gastric cancer and breast cancer (17, 18); Ube2d3 has been reported to promote p62 ubiquitination and aggravate impaired autophagic flow in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (10).