To validate our conjecture that BFT-1 may increase NOD1 protein level by suppressing its degradation, we treated breast cancer cells with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) and monitored the degradation rate of NOD1 in control cells and BFT-1-pretreated cells, and found that BFT-1 pretreatment significantly attenuated NOD1 degradation (Fig. 3L). Here, NOD1 is linked to breast carcinoma.