The diagnostic criteria for POEMS syndrome are based on a combination of clinical and laboratory features: (1) polyneuropathy and monoclonal gammopathy; (2) one of the three other major criteria: (a) Castleman disease, (b) osteosclerosis, and (c) elevated serum VEGF level; (3) one of the six minor criteria: (a) organomegaly, (b) extravascular volume overload, (c) endocrinopathy, (d) skin changes, (e) papilledema, and (f) thrombocytosis and/or polycythemia [1]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is POEMS syndrome.