A possible mechanism by which nVNS reduces IL1-β specifically in neurons could be its action on inflammasome activation.23 We previously reported that inflammasome activity contributes to cognitive dysfunction in CHI models.6,39 A growing body of evidence suggests that neuronal NLRP1 (nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 1) inflammasome activity contributes to AD,40–43 hence further studies evaluating the nVNS role on neuronal NLRP1 inflammasome are needed. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and Alzheimer disease.