It has been reported that nVNS modulates inflammation, edema, and blood–brain barrier disruption in cerebral contusion models.13,14,16,23 Here, we show that nVNS reduces CHI-induced IL-1β maturation in neurons, but not in endothelial cells, suggesting a direct effect of nVNS on the central and peripheral nervous systems interconnected with vagal nerve afferents. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and congenital isolated hyperinsulinism.