Moreover, in the absence of nociceptors, tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD8+ TILs) display enhanced cytotoxicity; produce granzyme B, IFNγ, and TNF-α more effectively; and exhibit reduced exhaustion, as indicated by the lower expression of immune-checkpoint molecules PD-1, T-cell Immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3). Here, HAVCR2 is linked to neoplasm.