NFKB1 and infection: Elizabeth Kopp et al. first discovered in 1994 that anti-inflammatory drugs such as sodium salicylate and aspirin can inhibit the degradation of IκBα and prevent NF-κB-dependent transcription, which further confirms the important role of NF-κB signaling in inflammation and infection.480 Research suggests that the anti-inflammatory properties of aspirin are partially attributed to its specific inhibition of IKKβ, thereby preventing the activation of NF-κB and genes associated with inflammatory responses481 (Fig. 5).