To investigate the mechanism of the neuroprotective effects mediated by miR-124-3p, we scanned the TargetSCAN, miRWalk, miRPathDB and determined the expression of several targets of miR-124 that are related to neuroprotection, such as ROCK, SRGAP1, MAPK14, USP14, etc. Combined with the previous results of our research, we found that Rho/ROCK pathway may be activated in the rat model of sepsis [22]. The gene discussed is MAPK14; the disease is Sepsis.