In contrast, ZT-1a-treated BCAS mice displayed reduced expression and phosphorylation of NKCC1, decreased astrogliosis, OL death, and WML, along with improved memory functions.<h4>Conclusion</h4>BCAS-induced upregulation of WNK-SPAK-NKCC1 signaling contributes to white matter-reactive astrogliosis, OL death, and memory impairment. This evidence concerns the gene STK39 and memory impairment.