TNF and cancer: Although RELA (p65) has previously been implicated in EGFR-TKI resistance37,38 and TP53-GOF mutations have previously been found to promote cancer development through enhancement of NF-κB signaling induced by TNF-α stimulation36,39,40, the relation of TP53-GOF mutations to the efficacy of EGFR-TKI treatment has remained unknown.