Subgroup analysis for age, sex, NYHA class, and LVEF showed that after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, drinking, previous myocardial infarction (MI), previous stroke, NYHA class, eGFR, BNP, LVEF, and LDL-C, MS remained an independent predictor of cardiovascular death in patients with malnourished HF (Table 4). Here, NPPB is linked to hydrops fetalis.