To further confirm the phenotype of these macrophages, the gene expression of typical M1 markers (Tnf, Ros1, Il12, and Cxcl9) and M2 markers (Tgfβ, Vegf, Il10, and Arg1) was investigated in cervical cancer cells and normal adjacent tissue, which presented similar results to that of the flow cytometry data (Fig. 3J, K). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is cervical cancer.