Subsequently, we compared the expression of CD27−, CD38+ and CD27−CD38+ in IFN-γ+CD4+ cells and found that at the completion of the 6-month treatment course, the expression of CD27− and CD27−CD38+ in the PTB group was comparable with those in LTBI and healthy controls, while the expression of CD38+ was not significantly influenced by the anti-TB treatment. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is tuberculosis.