VDR and cancer: Many studies have focused on the relationship between vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the risk of BPH.[7,8] This gene has been shown to have essential functions in many diseases; such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and tuberculosis.[9] First, Vit D is synthesized in the skin and mediates many actions in many tissues in the body.[10] It is metabolized to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, which can regulate calcium and phosphate metabolism.