NPPA and cardiac hypertrophy: Knocking out the expression of HDAC2 in a Hod-Tg-Hdac−/− mice prevented cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the upregulation of hypertrophic genes, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), Myh7 (β-MHC), and Acta1 (α-smooth muscle actin) (Trivedi et al. 2007).